MLA style is most commonly used to cite sources within the language arts, cultural studies, and other humanities disciplines. This resource, revised according to the 9th edition of the MLA manual published in April , offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, and the Works Cited page MLA Style Center, the only authorized Web site on MLA style, provides free resources on research, writing, and documentation MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook (9 th ed.), offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the Works Cited page
Formatting Your Research Project | MLA Style Center
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Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use. MLA Modern Language Association mla essay style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource, mla essay style, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook 9 th ed.
The following overview should help you better understand how to cite sources using MLA 9 th edition, including how to format the Works Cited page and in-text citations. Please use the example at the bottom of this page to cite the Purdue OWL in MLA. See also our MLA vidcast series on the Purdue OWL YouTube Channel.
MLA is a style of documentation that may be applied to many different types of writing. Since texts have become increasingly digital, and the same document may often be found in several different sources, following a mla essay style of rigid rules no longer suffices. Thus, mla essay style, the current system is based on a few guiding principles, rather than an extensive list of specific rules. While the handbook still describes how to cite sources, it is organized according to the process of documentation, rather than by the sources themselves.
This gives writers a flexible method that is near-universally applicable. Once you are familiar with the method, you can use it to document any type of source, for any type of paper, in any field.
When deciding how to cite your source, start by consulting the list of core elements. These are the general pieces of information that MLA mla essay style including in each Works Cited entry.
In your citation, the elements should be listed in the following order:. Each element should be followed by the corresponding punctuation mark shown above. Earlier editions of the handbook included the place of publication and required different punctuation such as journal editions in parentheses and colons after issue numbers depending on the type of source.
In the current version, punctuation is simpler only commas and periods separate the elementsand information about the source is kept to the basics.
End this element with a period. Bhabha, Homi K. The Location of Culture. Routledge, Depending upon the type of source, it should be listed in italics or quotation marks. Henley, Patricia. The Hummingbird House. MacMurray, An individual webpage should be in quotation marks, mla essay style. The name of the parent website, which MLA treats as a "container," should follow in italics:.
Lundman, Susan. Bagchi, Alaknanda. A song or piece of music on an album should mla essay style in quotation marks. The name of the album should then follow in italics:. Unlike earlier versions, the eighth edition refers to "containers," which are the larger wholes in which the source is located, mla essay style. For example, if you want to cite a poem that is listed in a collection of poems, the individual poem is the source, while the larger collection is the container.
The title of the container is usually italicized and followed by a comma, mla essay style, since the information that follows next describes the container. Kincaid, Jamaica. Wise, DeWanda. Accessed 3 June In some cases, a container might be within a larger container. You mla essay style have read a book of short stories on Google Booksor watched a television series on Netflix.
You might have found the electronic version of a journal on JSTOR. It is important to cite these containers within containers so that your readers can mla essay style the exact source that you used. Netflix, www. Langhamer, mla essay style, Claire. ProQuest, doi Accessed 27 May Mla essay style addition to the author, there may be other contributors to the source who should be credited, such as editors, illustrators, translators, etc. If their contributions are relevant to your research, or necessary to identify the source, include their names in your documentation.
Note : In the eighth edition, terms like editor, illustrator, translator, etc. Foucault, Michel. Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason. Translated by Richard HowardVintage-Random House, Woolf, Virginia.
Annotated and with an introduction by Vara Neverow, Harcourt, Inc. The Bible. Authorized King James Version, Oxford UP, Crowley, Sharon, and Debra Hawhee. Ancient Rhetorics for Contemporary Students. If a source is part of a numbered sequence, such as a multi-volume book or journal with both volume and issue numbers, those numbers must be listed in your citation. Dolby, Nadine. Accessed 20 May Institutio Oratoria, mla essay style.
Translated by H. Butler, vol. The publisher produces or distributes the source to the public. Klee, Paul. Twittering Machine. Museum of Modern Art, New York. The Artchive, www. Accessed May Women's Health: Problems of the Digestive System. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Daniels, Greg and Michael Schur, creators. Parks and Recreation. Deedle-Dee Productions and Universal Media Studios, The same source may have been published on more than one date, such as an online version of an original source.
For example, a television series might have aired on a broadcast network on one date, but released on Netflix on a different date. When the source has more than one date, it is sufficient to use the date that is most relevant to your writing. Below is a general citation for this television episode:. However, if you are discussing, for example, the historical context in which the episode originally aired, you should cite the full date. Adiche, Chimamanda Ngozi. Knopf,pp.
The location of an online work should include a URL. Wheelis, Mark. Accessed 8 Feb. When citing a physical object that you experienced firsthand, identify the place of location. Matisse, Henri. The Swimming Pool, mla essay style. The eighth edition is designed to be as streamlined as possible. The author should include any information that helps readers easily identify the source, without including unnecessary information that may be distracting.
If a source has been published on more than one date, the writer may want to include both dates if it will provide the reader with necessary mla essay style helpful information. Erdrich, Louise. Love Medicine. Perennial-Harper, The seventh edition handbook required the city in which a publisher is located, but the eighth edition states that this is only necessary in particular instances, such as in a work published before
Formatting a paper in MLA style (19 May 2019 update)
, time: 10:01MLA Formatting and Style Guide // Purdue Writing Lab
MLA style essay formatting: margins, font, line spacing, header, info block, title, indentation, block quote, Works Cited. For a transcript of this video, pl MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook (9 th ed.), offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the Works Cited page Founded in by teachers and scholars, the Modern Language Association (MLA) promotes the study and teaching of language and literature
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